Explaining the nature of the institution and the analytical method of the institutionalist economy according to the place in the thought of Islamic thinkers

Abstract: The institutional approach is one of the new approaches in economics, which was formed in opposition to the mainstream approach. The mentioned approach pays attention to the weaknesses and shortcomings of the mainstream approach in economics and looks at reality from a new angle and reveals new facts. For example, the mainstream approach considers the basis of people's economic behavior to be personal benefit and ignores external factors such as institutions, therefore, based on institutionalism, it emphasizes that institutions include a wide range of culture, ideology, beliefs and norms, which are formal and written laws or Unwritten rules such as culture, customs and norms affect people's behavior. Therefore, the question that arises is what is the nature of the institution and the analytical method of institutional economics? In this research, we came to the conclusion that, as in the mainstream approach in economics, the originality is completely given to the individual and the individual is the original, and in the socialist approach, the originality is completely given to the society, in the institutionalist approach, the interaction between the individual and the society is important In the institutionalist approach, importance is given to both the individual and the society. In fact, the relationship between the individual and the society is two-way. Institutional thinking can also be used from Islamic thinkers, as Allameh Tabatabai also sees the relationship between the individual and the society as two-way and believes that the individual both influences and is influenced by the society.