Comparing the optimal consumption pattern from the perspective of Islamic economics and conventional economics

Consumption as the driving force of production has important effects on the lives of individuals and the economy of society. Since consumption from the perspective of conventional economics and Islamic economics pursues different goals and perspectives and also has different effects on individual and social well-being as well as the worldly and hereafter well-being of individuals, it is imperative to examine these differences. We know that the study of consumption was first initiated by Keynes and was given an independent position alongside production and distribution by Jean-Baptiste C. In order to eliminate the shortcomings and evolve Keynes's non-hall theory of consumption, the consumption theories of Modigliani, Dusenberry, Friedman and Barrow-Ramsey reached the common point that people smooth their consumption by using savings and transferring part of their income to the future and try to create a sustainable welfare in their consumption. This article, in order to compare consumption from the perspective of Islamic economics and conventional economics, uses the library method and content analysis and raises the question: "What is the difference between optimal consumption in the scope of Islamic economics and consumption in conventional economics?" and proposes the hypothesis that "Islamic optimal consumption does not necessarily pursue the goal of smoothing, but rather takes steps in pursuit of providing material and spiritual well-being, as well as the well-being of man in this world and the hereafter." It argues that smoothing is not a path that all individuals want or can take. The well-founded finding of the research is that from an Islamic perspective, consumption will be optimal when it can provide the material and spiritual well-being of the individual and his family, help meet the material and spiritual needs of his relatives, and fulfill the rights of the needy in society. In addition to worldly material and spiritual well-being, it also provides the well-being of the hereafter. Also, a part of the individual's income is spent on savings, investment, and development.