The process of approving the public budget in Afghan laws

Document Type : Specialized scientific

Author

member of the Faculty of Law and Political Science, Rabia Balkhi University, Kabul, Afghanistan

10.22034/fe6.2025.100621

Abstract

The approval of the general budget is one of the fundamental pillars of the government's financial cycle, which plays a key role in allocating resources and implementing development programs. This process reflects the interaction between the executive and legislative branches; after the government drafts the budget, it submits it to the parliament for review and approval. Given the importance of the budget in the country's financial organization, examining how it is approved has become one of the central issues in the analysis of financial governance. The main question is whether the budget approval process can be an efficient monitoring tool, guaranteeing financial transparency, and in line with the public interest? This study uses a descriptive-analytical method to examine the budget approval process, the scope of authority of relevant institutions, and the legal requirements governing it. The analyses are based on legal documents and financial laws, with a comparative look at political systems. In the meantime, Afghanistan is examined as an example of a bicameral parliamentary system; Where the Senate (Meshrano Jirga) has more limited authority than the House of Representatives (Wolsi Jirga) in approving the budget bill, although it retains its oversight role in other legislative processes. Also, according to the law, neither house is allowed to change the proposed figures in the bill.

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